[Flutter ][譯] FLUTTER + DJANGO APP (1. DJANGO)

#flutter 初學者 #flutter+django

JayLun 2021-08-31 11:19:57 ‧ 760 瀏覽

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此文來自這位 youtuber BK Codes 的內容；但其實也不算翻譯，因為他的印度口音我還真的完全對不上頻率!! 因此主要為以我為小白角度將 code 上註解，若有誤解之處歡迎各位讀著更正賜教。
第一篇為 Django 部分，記得先額外安裝好 rest_framework!(第二篇 FLUTTER 部分)

建立起名為 todo_app 的 DJANGO 後端資料庫，並加入 apis、todos 的 app，資料結構如下:

todo_app
    |_ apis
    |_ todo_app
    |_ todos

todo_app/todo_app/settings.py

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
	'10.0.2.2', # for Android emulator
    'localhost'
]
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'apis.apps.ApisConfig',
    'rest_framework',
    'todos.apps.TodosConfig'
]
REST_FRAMEWORK = { # rest_framework 權限無需認證，無腦全開
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',
    ]
}

todo_app/todo_app/uls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('apis/v1/', include('apis.urls')), # 開路給 apis/uls.py
]

todo_app/todos/models.py

from django.db import models
# 給 flutter listview 的 title / subtitle
class Todo(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    description = models.TextField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

todo_app/apis/serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from todos import models

class TodoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        fields = (
            'id', # 給 flutter 指定資料庫資料
            'title',
            'description'
        )
        model = models.Todo

todo_app/apis/urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import ListTodo, DetailTodo
urlpatterns = [
    path('', ListTodo.as_view()),
    path('<int:pk>/', DetailTodo.as_view())
]

todo_app/apis/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework import generics
from todos import models
from .serializers import TodoSerializer

class ListTodo(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = models.Todo.objects.all() # 指定數據對象查詢集
    serializer_class = TodoSerializer # 指定序列化器

class DetailTodo(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = models.Todo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = TodoSerializer
]
# rest-framework 把操作都包裝好好，指定好名稱便可
# 'ListCreateAPIView': get、post
# 'RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView': get、put、patch、delete 
# https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/generic-views/